Controlling the nanoscale localization and migration of optical excitation
David Andrews
University of East Anglia, UK
Invited Speaker
Abstract
In nanoscale materials, a close juxtaposition of optically responsive components will often lead to the absorption of light in one location producing emission in another. Structurally organised materials offer the possibility of pre-configured control over the underlying energy transfer process that follows the initial optical excitation. The application of static electric fields, or off-resonant laser light, are just two of the possibilities for achieving active control with ultrafast response, in suitably configured systems. As the principles are established and the theory develops, a range of potential device principles is emerging, including new forms of all-optical switching and transistor action. Exploiting such effects, suitably designed nanophotonic materials should offer a broad scope for new applications ranging from chemical and biological sensing to the detection of nanoscale motion.
Bio
At the University of East Anglia, David Andrews leads research on fundamental molecular photonics, energy harvesting and transport, optomechanical forces, quantum and nonlinear optics. He has 300 research papers and a dozen books to his name. The current focus of his group’s research is on novel optically nonlinear mechanisms in fluorescence processes, optical nanomanipulation and switching, and optical vortices. Andrews is a Fellow of the SPIE, the Royal Society of Chemistry, and the Institute of Physics.
Laser-synthesized Plasmonic Nano-composites for Broadband Optical Limiting Response
Tsung-Sheng Kao
National University of Singapore, Singapore
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Plasmonic nano-objects in liquid solutions exhibit specific optical properties and can be utilized in many potential applications, such as high-sensitivity bio-sensors and energy-controllable optical limiters. To obtain plasmonic nano-objects in high-purity colloids, the laser ablation technique is applied to generate a variety of nanostructures at different sizes, shapes and concentrations in liquid-based environments. In this paper, the formation processes and nonlinear optical limiting dynamics of laser-synthesized nano-objects will be investigated, aiming to efficiently control the transmitted optical energy in an optical limiting system. Meanwhile, to cater for the broadband optical limiting effect, hybrid nano-composites-based approaches will be studied by combing different sizes of nano-objects into liquid or polymer matrix. An extensive research by coupling tiny transparent glass beads into the optical limiting nano-systems will be synthesized and investigated as well.
Bio
Dr. Tsung-Sheng Kao is a postdoctoral research fellow in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at National University of Singapore. He received his Bachelor of Science degree from National Central University, Taiwan, Master of Science in Physics from National Taiwan University and Ph.D. from the Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, UK. Dr. Kao’s primary research areas of interest include nano-optics, super-resolution imaging technology, controlled light localization on the nano-landscapes, nonlinear optical responses of hybrid nano-systems and surface plasmon resonance for bio-sensing. He has published numerous articles in research publications including Nano Letters, Physical Review Letters and Applied Physic Letters.
Flat focusing mirrors
Kestutis Staliunas
Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain
Invited Speaker
Abstract
We propose and shows by proof-of-principle calculations and experiments that beam focusing/imaging can be obtained in reflection from a flat interface of a micro-modulated dielectric structure. We show in particular that a one-dimensionally modulated and chirped structure can focus a beam, perform an imaging of a light pattern, i.e. can act as transversely invariant flat focusing mirror.
Bio
Kestutis Staliunas Graduated in Theoretical Physics, Vilnius University, Lithuania, 1985. PhD in Physics, Vilnius University, 1989. Habilitation in Physics, Vilnius University, 2001. A.v.Humboldt fellow in Physikalisch-Technische Bundesantstalt (PTB) Braunschweig, Germany. 1991-1992. In period 1993-2003 was senior research fellow in Braunschweig PTB and University of Hanover researching on nonlinear pattern formation in lasers (optical vortices, spatial solitons) and in Bose condensates. Since 2004 ICREA research professor in Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, head of research group on lasers, photonic and sonic crystals, nonlinear patterns. Professional experience: around 150 articles in scientific journals with more than 3000 citations, h-factor 30 (source Google Scholar), around 300 presentations in conferences; around 40 invited presentations; 2 Patents. Monograph "Transverse Patterns in Nonlinear Optical Resonators" Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, Vol. 183, 2003; Up to now directed (or directing) 7 PhD theses, giving a master course on photonic crystals and metamaterials in “Masters of Photonics” of Catalunya.
Applications of subwavelength-scale resonators for semiconductor light emitters and optical filters
Kyoungsik Yu
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea
Invited Speaker
Abstract
For optical interconnect applications where dense integration and small footprint requirements are stringent, the dimension of the optical resonators and their scaling has important implications for their practical implementations. To reduce the overall volume and footprints, various optical cavity structures have been investigated and demonstrated. In this presentation, we discuss the applications of metal-optic cavities for semiconductor light emitters and optical filters. In addition, efficient coupling scheme to/from the passive optical waveguides will also be discussed.
Bio
Kyoungsik Yu received his B.S. degree from Seoul National University, Korea, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical engineering from Stanford University, Stanford, CA, respectively. After a postdoctoral position at the University of California, Berkeley, CA, he is currently an EWon Assistant Professor at the department of Electrical Engineering at KAIST, Korea. His current research interests are on the applications of nano- and micro-photonic devices and techniques for multiscale optical interconnects and sensing.
Precise lightwave modulation for digital and analogue optical communications
Tetsuya Kawanishi
National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan
Invited Speaker
Abstract
This presentation describes high-speed electro-optic device technologies for radio-onfiber (RoF) systems. Digital and analog signals would be transmitted over a fiber, in RoF systems. Multi-level modulation plays important roles both in wired and wireless systems. Quadrature amplitude modulation signals can be synthesized by using parallel Mach-Zehnder modulators.
Bio
Dr. Tetsuya Kawanishi received the B.E., M.E., and Ph.D. degrees in electronics from Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, in 1992, 1994, and 1997, respectively. From 1994 to 1995, he was with the Production Engineering Laboratory of Panasonic. During 1997, he was with the Venture Business Laboratory, Kyoto University, where he was engaged in research on electromagnetic scattering and on near-field optics. In 1998, he joined the Communications Research Laboratory, Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications (now the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, NICT), Tokyo, Japan, where he is currently the Director of Lightwave Devices Laboratory of NICT. During 2004, he was a Visiting Scholar in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at San Diego. His current research interests include high-speed optical modulators and RF photonics.
The Emergence of 100-Gb/s Optical Fiber Links
Gerd Keiser
PhotonicsComm Solutions, Inc., USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Rapidly growing telecom traffic from video services, social networking, and cloud computing are demanding enormous network capacities. This requires 100-Gb/s data rates to increase optical channel capacity and support high-rate client interfaces. This talk addresses origins of capacity demands, methods for increasing channel capacity, advanced modulation formats, and worldwide installations.
Bio
Gerd Keiser was involved with telecom technologies at Honeywell, GTE, and General Dynamics. Recently he was a National Science Council Chair Professor at the National Taiwan University of Science and Technology. Currently he is the principal educator and consultant at PhotonicsComm Solutions. He is an IEEE Fellow, an OSA Fellow, a SPIE Fellow, an associate editor of Optical Fiber Technology, and the author of four books. His interests are in optical fiber networking and biophotonics.
Free-Space-Wave Add-Drop Multiplexers for Intra-Board WDM Optical Interconnects
Kenji Kintaka
National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Japan
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Intra-board chip-to-chip optical interconnects are very attractive as strong candidates for constructing of high-density energy-saving broadband signal transmission in future ultra-high performance signal-processing units. We have investigated optical waveguide devices with wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) technique in order to realize a high-density two-dimensional (2-D) parallel signal transmission for the optical interconnects. Free-space-wave add-drop multiplexers, which couple between free-space waves and guided waves with wavelength selectivity, are key components for the WDM optical interconnects. In this talk, two types of free-space-wave add/drop multiplexers integrated in the optical waveguides will be presented.
Bio
Kenji Kintaka received the B.E., M.E., and Ph.D. degrees in electronic engineering from Osaka University, Osaka, Japan, in 1992, 1994, and 1997, respectively. In 1997, he joined the Department of Optical Materials, Osaka National Research Institute, Agency of Industrial Science and Technology, Osaka, Japan. In 2001, he was a Researcher at the Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Osaka, Japan, where he has been a Senior Researcher since 2008 and he was with the Network Photonics Research Center, AIST, Tsukuba, Japan from 2008 to 2011. He is currently with Research Institute for Ubiquitous Energy Devices, AIST, Osaka, Japan. His research interests include integrated optics, diffractive optics, optical interconnection, and silicon photonics. He is a member of the Optical Society of America (OSA), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the Institution of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE) of Japan, the Japan Society of Applied Physics, the Optical Society of Japan, the Ceramic Society of Japan, and the Japan Institute of Electronics Packaging.
Performance enhancement of femtosecond mode-locked fiber lasers based on unique pulse evolutions at normally dispersion
Andy Chong
University of Dayton, USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
The stable propagation of femtosecond pulses in mode-locked fiber lasers tends to be limited by excessive nonlinear phase shifts and limited gain bandwidth. Due to such limitations, the performance of fiber lasers has lagged behind bulk solid-state based lasers. Recently developed pulse evolutions in fiber lasers with large normal cavity dispersion make it possible to overcome such limitations. Mode-locked fiber lasers based on dissipative solitons, which are unique solutions of normally dispersive fiber laser, achieved pulse energies much larger than those of solid state lasers. Another valuable pulse evolution is a parabolic self-similar pulse which is again a unique solution of normally dispersive laser. Fiber lasers based on the self-similar evolution demonstrated record short pulses beyond the gain bandwidth limitation approaching typical pulse durations of solid state counterparts. Instruments based on these new pulse evolutions offer improved performance but with the major practical advantages of fiber.
Bio
Andy Chong received B. S. degrees in Mechanical Engineering and Physics from the University of Texas at Austin in 1996. He received M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Applied Physics at Cornell University in 2007 and 2008 respectively. His graduate studies were focused on nonlinear optics and ultrafast pulse propagation phenomena, especially in fiber lasers and amplifiers. He also performed his post-doctoral research from 2008 to 2011 at Cornell University focusing on multi-dimensional optical solitons and linear light bullets. He is currently an Assistant Professor of the Physics department and the Electro-Optic program at the University of Dayton. His research in fiber lasers and their industrial applications is still ongoing. He is also interested in the generation of spatio-temporally coupled three dimensional optical wavepackets and their applications. He is a member of the Optical Society of America (OSA).
Complex photonic nonlinear dynamics for high performance signal and information processing
Laurent Larger
University of Franche-Comté, France
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Optoelectronic delayed feedback loops can provide a wide variety of dynamical motions, thanks to their infinite dimensional phase space. When implemented with Telecom grade components, they additionally provide broadband operation, particularly suited for high speed signal and information processing. On the basis on experimental illustration, we will introduce the fundamental nonlinear dynamical properties of photonic delayed feedback systems, from their stable fixed point operation to their high dimensional complex chaotic oscillations, through periodic oscillations. Each of these particular solution will then be further developed to demonstrate advanced information and signal processing capabilities, from secure optical chaos communications at 10Gb/s, to ultra-fast million word per second recognition through neuromorphic computing, through microwave high spectral purity oscillations for radar applications.
Bio
Laurent Larger received the Degree in electronic engineering from the University of Paris XI, Orsay, France, in 1988, the Agrégation degree in applied physics in 1991, and the Ph.D. degree in optical engineering and the Habilitation degree from the University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France, in1997 and 2002, respectively. He was in charge of the International Research Center GTL-CNRS Telecom, a joint laboratory between the French CNRS, Georgia Tech University, Atlanta, and the University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, from 2003 to 2006. He became a Full Professor with the University of Franche-Comté in 2005. He is involved in research with the Franche Comté Electronique, Mécanique Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies Institute, Besançon. His current research interests include the study of chaos in optical and electronic systems for secure communications, delayed nonlinear dynamics, optical telecommunication systems, high spectral purity optoelectronic oscillators, and neuromorphic photonic computing exploiting the complexity of nonlinear dynamical transients. Prof. Larger is a honorary member of the Institut Universitaire de France. He is Deputy Director of the FEMTO-ST Research Institute, Besançon, since 2012.
Giant Micro-Photonicsfor Energy
Takunori Taira
Institute for Molecular Science, Japan
Invited Speaker
Abstract
We have demonstrated an efficient laser ignition in the real gasoline engine by using giant-pulse Nd:YAG/Cr4+:YAG ceramic microchip laser. Laser ignitions promise the ideal combustion for future engine. Recently, the world first laser ignited vehicle has been demonstrated. Further possibilities of giant micro-photonics are discussed.
Bio
Takunori Taira is currently an Associate Professor with the National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), Okazaki, Japan, and an Invited Professor at Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris VI), Paris, France, in 2006, and Universite Joseph Fourier, France, in 2011. He was a member of the Program Committee of Advanced Solid-State Photonics (ASSP) OSA from 2005 to 2009 (Program Chair of ASSP 2008, General Chair of ASSP 2009), while serving as a member of the CLEO Subcommittee #4, of Application Nonlinear Optics (2006-2008), CLEO Science & Innovations 2: Solid-State, Liquid and Gas Lasers (2010-2013), Program Committee of Nonlinear Optics (NLO) on OSA from 2006 to 2011 (Program Chair of NLO 2009, General Chair of NLO 2011), the board of Associate Editors for Optical Materials (OPTMAT), ELSEVIER, Amsterdam, Netherlands, and the board of Senior Associate Editors of the Journal of Optical Materials Express (OMEx), Optical Society of America (OSA), Washington D.C., USA. He received the “2004 Commendation” Award of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan, for scientific and technological research merits (Japan) in 2004, “The 24th Kenjiro Sakurai Memorial Prize: Award of The Optoelectronic Industry and Technology Development Association (OITDA) (Japan) in 2008, “OSA Fellow” in 2010 (USA), “IEEE Senior Member” in 2011 (USA), and “SPIE Fellow” in 2012 (USA).
Vector cavity fiber lasers
Dingyuan Tang
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Operations of vector cavity fiber lasers were experimentally investigated. Novel features of the lasers such as the polarization domain and domain wall formation, kink solitons, polarization domain wall solitons, and black-white vector solitons emission were experimentally observed. The physical mechanisms of the special features were theoretically studied.
Bio
D. Y. Tang received B.Sc. degree in physics from Wuhan University, China in 1983, M.Sc. degree in laser physics from the Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Science in 1986 and Ph.D. degree in physics from the Hannover University, Germany in 1993. From 1993 to 1994, he worked as a scientific employee at the Physikalisch-Technische Budesanstalt, Braunschweig, Germany. From 1994 to 1997 he was a university Postdoctoral Research Fellow, and from 1997 to 1999, an Australian Research Council (ARC) Postdoctoral Research Fellow, both at the University of Queensland, Australia. From 1999 to 2000 he was a Research Fellow in the Optical Fiber Technology Center (OFTC), the University of Sydney, Australia. He is currently an Associate Professor in the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore. Dr. Tang has published over 250 international journal papers with an H-index of 30. He is a member of the Optical Society of America (OSA) and the Australian Optical Society (AOS).
Non-collinear and non-ellipsometric EO sampling techniques for efficient detection of THz radiation
Masahiko Tani
Fukui University, Japan
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Electro-optic sampling (EOS) techniques based on Cherenkov phase-matching for efficient detection of THz pulsed radiation are reviewed. The non-ellipsometric “heterodyne EOS,” which requires no polarization optics, is proposed and demonstrated. Furthermore, it is shown that metallic parallel plate waveguide structures can enhance EOS sensitivity significantly.
Compressive phase retrieval
George Barbastathis
Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Compressive sensing is a class of image recovery techniques utilizing sparsity priors to recover undersampled signals with high fidelity. In this talk, I will describe several examples of application of compressive sensing to phase retrieval, both interferometric and non-interferometric.
Digital Holography of Incoherent Sources
Myung K. Kim
University of South Florida, USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Most holographic techniques are based on interference of coherent optical fields. There have been numerous techniques proposed for producing holograms of incoherent sources, but it is the digital processing of low-coherence interferograms that finally provides practical and versatile methods for incoherent holography. This paper presents an overview of incoherent digital holography, with an emphasis on what we dub SIDH (self-interference incoherent digital holography), which we use to develop full color natural light holographic camera and for applications in adaptive optics of ophthalmic and astronomical imaging.
Bio
M.K. Kim was born in Seoul, Korea and moved to U.S. after graduation from high school. He obtained B.S. degree in physics and mathematics from U.C.L.A. (1979) and Ph.D. in physics from U.C. Berkeley (1986). After two and half years as a postdoctoral fellow at SRI International in Menlo Park, CA, he moved to Michigan for an assistant professor position at Wayne State University (1988). In 1995, he moved to Florida for an associate professor position at University of South Florida, where he has since been and became a full professor in 2004. His research interests are in digital holography and applications in biomedical microscopy, as well as laser spectroscopy and quantum optics. He has authored a book Digital Holographic Microscopy (Springer 2011) and a large number of peer-reviewed journal and conference papers as well as having been issued ten U.S. patents. He has served as topical editor of Applied Optics and as general chair of the Digital Holography and Three Dimensional Imaging topical meetings. In 2010, Prof. Kim was elected a Fellow of the Optical Society of America.
Unconventional implementations and applications of digital holography
Wolfgang Osten
University of Stuttgart, Germany
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Traditionally, the concept of holography is associated with the recording of the 3D information of an arbitrary object that is illuminated by coherent-light. However, since the invention of the classical principle of holography, various unconventional methods, generally known as incoherent holography, have been proposed and demonstrated. These methods make use of incoherently illuminated or self-luminous objects. With the
advances in light modulation technologies and computational imaging, these unconventional holographic techniques have found wider interest and applications. We review two recently proposed and demonstrated schemes of digital holography, each having distinct features for recording the holograms of self-luminous or incoherently illuminated objects. The first implementation applies a simple Mach-Zehnder interferometer that uses as reference a filtered counterpart of the field scattered by the object. The second scheme applies a Sagnac radial shearing interferometer in the recording process. For the description of the recording of the hologram of an incoherently illuminated object as a complex spatial coherence function we adopt an approach based on statistical optics. Furthermore, we discuss some recent applications of digital holography for the recording and reconstruction of objects that are placed behind a diffusing or opaque screen.
Bio
Prof. Wolfgang Osten received the Diploma in Physics from the Friedrich-SchillerUniversity Jena in 1979 and in 1983 the PhD degree from the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg for his thesis in the field of holographic interferometry. From 1984 to 1991 he was employed at the Central Institute of Cybernetics and Information
Processes in Berlin making investigations in digital image processing and computervision. In 1991 he joined the Bremen Institute of Applied Beam Technology (BIAS) to establish the Department Optical 3D-Metrology. Since September 2002 he has been a full professor at the University of Stuttgart and director of the Institute for Applied Optics. His research work is focused on new concepts for industrial inspection and metrology by combining modern principles of optical metrology, sensor technology and image processing. Special attention is directed to the development of resolution enhanced technologies for the investigation of micro and nano structures.
Processing of digital holograms: A virtual-diffraction plane approach
Ting-Chung Poon
Virginia Tech., USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
A recent novel concept known as the virtual diffraction plane (VDP), that has been successfully applied in fast processing of digital holograms, will be presented. The VDP is a hypothetical plane that is placed between the hologram and the object scene but is at close proximity to the object. As such, the information on the VDP is carrying the local optical properties of the object scene, as well as the holistic information of the hologram. This important property enables the pictorial contents of a hologram to be processed with classical image processing techniques that are normally unsuitable for handling holographic images. In this presentation, a number of interesting works that have been developed based on the VDP framework will be reviewed. The speaker will also demonstrate how an existing graphic editing program (such as the Photoshop) can be easily applied to process a digital hologram with this framework.
Bio
Ting-Chung Poon is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Virginia Tech. He is also Distinguished Chair Professor at Feng Chia University (Taiwan), Adjunct Professor at National Central University (Taiwan), and Chinese Academy of Sciences Visiting Professor at Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics. His current research interests include acousto-optics, 3-D image processing, and optical scanning holography. Dr. Poon currently serves as Division Editor for Applied Optics. He has been a member of the Board of Editors of the OSA (Optical Society of America) and is currently on the Editorial Board of Optics and Laser Technology, the Journal of Holography and Speckle, and the journal 3D Research. Dr. Poon is a Fellow of the OSA and the International Society for Optics and Photonics (SPIE). He is also a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
Taiwan optical industry and suggestion of talent training for students in optical degree
Fu-Ming Chuang
Coretronic Technology, Taiwan
Invited Speaker
Abstract
In this speech, author will introduce the successful areas of optics industry in Taiwan. Based on current and future needs of optics industry, author will give the students who are studying in the university and graduate school the useful suggestions regarding to knowledge and skills to be built for making the future work successful.
Freeform Optics in Illumination Design
John Koshel
University of Arizona, USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Freeform optics have been used in illumination systems for decades. Methods of freeform design will be discussed. A freeform design method for extended sources with the goal of including tolerances in the design process will be explained. Examples, such as a wall-wash illuminator, will be provided.
Wavefront analysis in optical design, fabrication, and testing
Virendra N. Mahajan
The Aerospace Corporation, USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
We will discuss why we use Zernike polynomials in wavefront analysis, and what polynomials we should use when the pupil is not circular.
Recent trends in optical aberrations
Jose Sasian
University of Arizona, USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
This paper provides a review of some recent trends in optical aberrations. There has been progress in understanding and applying a variety of concepts such as the sine condition, aberration fields, pupil aberrations, and polarization aberrations. The talk will present a historical review about the discovery of aberrations, and will proceed to discuss recent advances. The correction of aberrations in a number of noteworthy optical systems will be discussed. Overall the talk will provide a useful review of the topic of optical aberrations.
Bio
Jose Sasian is professor at the University of Arizona, College of Optical Sciences, and has also been Member of Technical Staff at AT&T Bell Laboratories. Dr. Sasian teaches the courses Introduction to Aberrations, Optical Fabrication, Opto-mechanics, and Lens Design. Prof. Sasian has recently published the book: Introduction to Aberrations in Optical Imaging Systems (Cambridge University Press 2013). His research interests are education in optics, optical design, optical fabrication and testing, instrument design, opto-mechanics, light in gemstones, optics in art and art in optics, and light propagation in general.
Hybrid sunlight and LED illumination in indoor lighting
Wen-Shing Sun
National Central University, Taiwan
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Hybrid sunlight and LED illumination with renewable solar energy saving concept in indoor lighting is simulated. We can illuminate the indoor space and collect the solar energy by an optical switching system. When the system is turn off, the full spectrum of the sunlight is concentrated by a concentrator, and absorbed by solar photovoltaic devices that provide the electricity power for LEDs; when the system is turn on, the sunlight is collected by a concentrator and split into visible and non-visible rays by a beam splitter. The visible rays pass through the light guide into a light box and mixed with LED light uniformly in it, and finally provide more uniform illumination by a diffuser. The non-visible rays are supposed to be absorbed by solar photovoltaic devices and also provide the electricity power for LEDs.
Freeform optics and its application in head-mounted displays
Yongtian Wang
Beijing Institute of Technology, China
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Freeform optics can improve the performance of an optical system, and at the same time reduce its size and weight. Special methods for designing freeform optical systems are described. They are applied in the design of freeform head-mounted displays (HMDs), for which the size and weight of the optical system are crucial. The freeform surface optical elements are successfully fabricated and the system performance is carefully examined. It is also shown that freeform optics can be used to realize light-weight and high-performance HMDs, including HMDs with both wide field of view and high resolution, and stereoscopic HMDs with dual focal planes to relieve the discomfort of the user’s eyes caused by the discrepancy of accommodation and convergence.
Structured light for biophotonics: applications for imaging and manipulation
Kishan Dholakia
University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK
Invited Speaker
A multi-modal method for diagnostics and treatment of cancer
Israel Gannot
Tel Aviv University, Israel
Invited Speaker
Title: TBD
Liang-Chy Chien
Kent State University, USA
Invited Speaker
Photocontrollable Liquid Crystalline Polymer Actuators
Yanlei Yu
Fudan University, China
Invited Speaker
Abstract
By incorporating azobenzene groups into the crosslinked liquid crystal polymers (CLCPs), large deformations such as contraction and bending have been induced by UV light due to the photoisomerization of the azobenzene chromophores. Since light is an ideal stimulus for it can be localized (in time and space), selective, nondamaging, and allows for remote delivery of energy, photodeformable CLCPs present an interesting opportunity to realize soft actuators in microscope applications. Recently, we incorporated upconversion materials which absorb low-energy light and convert it to higher-energy photons in UV and visible regions, into the CLCP films and succeeded in generating fast bending of the resulting composite films upon exposure to red light and near-infrared light. It would be interesting and significant to develop photodeformable CLCPs which could be photo-regulated by such low-energy light, since it is more environment-friendly and causes less damage.
Bio
Yanlei Yu is Professor in the Department of Materials Science at Fudan University. She graduated in applied chemistry from Anhui University in 1993 and obtained her Master’s degree in polymer chemistry and physics from the University of Science and Technology of China in 1996. She gained her Doctoral degree in environmental chemistry and engineering from Tokyo Institute of Technology and was promoted to Full Professor at Fudan University in 2004. She obtained New Century Excellent Talents Fund of the Ministry of Education (2004), Shanghai Shuguang Scholar (2005), Shanghai Science and Technology Rising Star (2006), Distinguished Young Scholars Award from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (2012), etc.. Her research interests focus on the development of photodeformable smart materials and light-controllable interface materials with photosensitive polymers and liquid crystal polymers. She has over 50 publications in the peer-reviewed journals with more than 1500 citations, such as Nature, J. Am. Chem. Soc., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., Adv. Funct. Mater., etc..
Phosphors characteristics and enhancement using scattering particles
Benoit Glorieux
Universite de Bordeaux, France
Invited Speaker
Design of electrodes for high-performance GaN-based LEDs: contacts to N-polar and non-polar GaN
Tae-Yeon Seong
Korea University, Korea
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Vertical-injection GaN-based LEDs, being developed via the removal of sapphire substrates and the formation of contacts to both top and bottom sides, have been investigated extensively since they are promising candidates for high-power and high-efficiency devices. In this structure, low resistance and thermally stable Ohmic contact to N-polar n-GaN is very crucial to the achievement of noble devices due to the limited portion of n-contact area typically less than 10% over the overall area. However, unlike n-ohmic contacts to Ga-polar GaN that are easily formed using either Ti- or vanadium-based schemes, n-ohmic contacts to N-polar GaN usually produce poor electrical characteristics. To enhance current injection efficiency in VLEDs, different fabrication processes, such as laser-annealing, use of a blocking layer were introduced. The results of the designed n-type electrodes are much more stable than conventional untreated samples. In addition, the nitride devices grown on the c-plane sapphire [i.e, Ga-polar (0001) direction] experience the spontaneous and piezoelectric polarization fields, spatially separating electron and hole wave functions within quantum wells and inducing the quantum-confined Stark effect, reducing the internal quantum efficiency of GaN-based LEDs. In this regards, we investigated the electrical characteristics of Schottky and Ohmic contacts to nonpolar a-plane n-GaN with reference to those of c-plane GaN. For this study, Pd Schottky diodes were fabricated on both types of the samples and their electrical characteristics were analyzed. The different electrical behavior of Ti/Al Ohmic contacts to the a-plane and c-plane GaN is explained in terms of the presence of the polarization effects due to the formation of an interfacial AlN layer.
Bio
Tae-Yeon Seong received his PhD from the University of Oxford in 1992. In 2005, he joined Korea University from Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST). He is currently Department chair of Nanophotonics at Korea University. His research focuses on the area of wide band-gap materials and devices (emitters, detectors and electronics) using GaN and developing these materials for illumination applications. He has authored and coauthored more than 350 peer-reviewed international journal papers and holds 122 patents. He is a Fellow of the Institute of Physics (UK) and the SPIE, and Associate Editor of Semiconductor Science and Technology, and an Editorial Advisory Member of the Electrochemical Society Journals.
LEDs for Solid-State Lighting: the potential health and environmental issues
George Zissis
University of Toulouse, France
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Solid State Lighting (SSL) is currently revolutionizing the field of lighting and its practices. In the long term, inorganic and organic light emitting diodes (LEDs), will become the most widely used light sources. White LEDs have shown a steady growth of their luminous efficacy for more than fifteen years; promising to make significant energy savings as they replace older lighting technologies. However, as any new or emerging technologies, SSL products should be proven to be at least as safe as the products they intend to replace. In new lighting applications where older technologies could not be employed, the safety of SSL products should be assessed considering new or unusual conditions of usage.
The potential risks posed by SSL to the human health can be classified in the following categories:
• Electrical safety
• Potentials risks due to exposure to electromagnetic fields
• Potential risks due to the emitted optical radiations: interactions of the optical radiations with the skin and the eye (photobiological safety), undesired effects of optical radiations on vision (glare and flickering effects in particular), effects of optical radiations on circadian rhythms
Furthermore, LED light sources are allegedly environmentally friendly due to their high luminous efficacy, but there are particular challenges in assessing their environmental performance. There are no specific rules for conducting a life cycle assessment of lighting products. A series of standards exists (ISO 14040) but it is on a very general level and concerns any product or service. The development of LED technology is rapid, making it challenging to assess their environmental performance. Traditionally, the environmental impacts of light sources are dominated by the energy consumption during use. However, if the life of the LED light source is short, the manufacturing stage may account for a significant share of the total life-cycle impacts. There are different LED products from a chip to a luminaire available on the market, making the comparison with conventional replacement lamps difficult. A special attention should be paid to the system boundaries of a life cycle assessment of light sources when comparing LED to conventional light sources.
The present paper mainly focuses on (1) photobiological safety (blue light risk) and flickering, and (2) on environmental impact of LEDs trough a full ISO 14040/44 Life Cycle Analysis.
Bio
Born in Athens in 1964, has graduated in 1986 from Physics department of University of Crete in general physics. He got his MSc and PhD in Plasma Science in 1987 and 1990 from Toulouse 3 University (France). His primary area of work is in the field of Light Sources Science and Technology. He is especially interested in the physics of electrical discharges used as light sources; system and metrology issues for solid-state lighting systems; normalization and quality issues for light sources; impact of lighting to energy, environment, quality of life, health and security; interaction between light source and associated power supply; illumination and lighting. He is director of “Light & Matter” research group of LAPLACE that enrols 20 researchers. For the period 2007-2011 he was deputy director of “LAPLACE” laboratory. He won in December 2006 the 1st Award of the International Electrotechnical Committee (IEC) Centenary Challenge for his work on normalization for urban lighting systems (in conjunction with IEEE, IET and the Observer). In 2009 he won the Energy Globe Award for France and he got the Fresnel Medal from the French Illuminating Engineering Society. He is IEEE-Industrial Application Society MSDAD-department chair and member of the executive board of IEEE-IAS.
Morphology-property insights into high-performance organic photovoltaics
Seth B. Darling
Argonne National Laboratory, USA
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Organic solar cells have attracted increasing attention as potential low-cost alternatives to traditional inorganic photovoltaic (PV) technologies. Additional advantages of OPVs include the use of earth-abundant materials, mechanical flexibility, light weight, rapid energy payback time, and the option for tunable coloring for aesthetic architectural installation. Key to their low-cost is solution-based high-throughput processing. Power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaics (OPVs) has steadily improved, with PTB series polymers exhibiting some of the highest PCEs. Using a suite of advanced characterization techniques, it is possible to decipher the morphology of OPV active layers across length scales from the molecular to the mesoscopic. Correlating these structural features with optoelectronic function leads to morphology-performance relationship insights, which in turn can be utilized as the foundation for a rational design of improved performance in OPV devices. Initial results from this methodology are encouraging, suggesting a viable alternative to the traditional Edisonian approach to device performance improvement.
Bio
Seth B. Darling is a Scientist at Argonne National Laboratory and a Fellow at the Institute for Molecular Engineering at the University of Chicago. After receiving his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago in Physical Chemistry, he joined Argonne National Laboratory as the Glenn Seaborg Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellow in the Materials Science Division where he studied directed self-assembly of polymers and polymer/nanoparticle hybrid systems. Following his postdoc, Dr. Darling joined the Center for Nanoscale Materials at Argonne as a staff scientist. His group’s research, which has been highlighted on ~15 journal covers, centers around polymer molecular engineering with a particular emphasis on organic solar cells. He also serves as the solar energy strategy leader for Argonne, through which he interfaces with a spectrum of internal scientists, engineers, and managers as well as external domestic and international stakeholders in industry, government, museums and foundations, national laboratories, market analysis firms, academia, and the media.
HIGHLY EFFICIENT DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS
Liyuan Han
National Institute for Materials Science, Japan
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) are promising next-generation alternatives to conventional silicon-based photovoltaic devices owing to their low cost, easy fabrication, and environmental friendliness. Although great progresses have been developed on DSCs, further improving the conversion efficiency is still an important task for commercialization of this kind of solar cell as power generation devices. It is well known that the conversion efficiency of a DSC usually depends on three major parameters: short circuit density (JSC), open circuit voltage (VOC) and fill factor (FF). In this presentation, our work on improvement of these important parameters for higher conversion efficiency is introduced.
We investigated the principle of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) with an equivalent circuit model by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). On the basis of the analyses of this equivalent circuit model, researches aimed at achieving high efficiency were carried out. To increase JSC, we developed new dyes with high molar extinction coefficient to improve the light harvesting efficiency, and synthesized aggregation free dyes preventing aggregation of dyes to enhance the electron collection efficiency. To increase VOC, new co-adsorbents were developed to reduce interfacial charge recombination at the TiO2 surface and improve shunt resistance.
Finally, we report our new achievement on higher JSC, VOC, and FF in the DSC with black dye and a new co-adsorbent. An overall conversion efficiency of 11.4% was achieved which is the highest certified efficiency.
Bio
Dr. Han is a director of photovoltaic materials unit, National Institute for Materials Science. He received a doctor’s degree from the University of Osaka Prefecture in 1988. He worked at SHARP Corporation during 1993 - 2008. He has been investigating dye-sensitized solar cells, especially, improving the conversion efficiency of cells and sub-modules, and developing new sensitized dyes, since 1996. He moved to current position from June 2008. Through his career, he has made great accomplishments in the DSCs, have been efficiency record keeper since 2006, and renewed world record efficiency of 11.4% at 2011. He is inventor in about 100 patents and author in ca 100 scientific publications in the field of dye sensitized solar cells. His current research interests involve foundational research dye-sensitized solar cells, organic solar cells and quantum dot solar cells.
Donor-Acceptor unit for the Rational Design of Conjugated Polymers for Optoelectronic Devices: What have we learned?
Satish A. Patil
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
Invited Speaker
Abstract
The development of molecular semiconductors for optoelectronic devices has tremendous impact on energy production. However, a major challenge to attain widespread implementation of this technology would be to develop materials by cost effective methods and achieve high stability. Although this can pose a great challenge, remarkable improvements in device efficiencies have been achieved by using donor-acceptor structures in conjugated polymer design. The bulk heterojunction organic solar cells by utilizing donor-acceptor conjugated polymers have provided the record breaking efficiency of as high as 9.2%. However, a clear relationship between the material properties and stability is still lacking. In this talk, the role of torsional defects and substituted alkyl chain in donor-acceptor molecular semiconductor shall be discussed. Moreover, our recent results of ambipolar molecular semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors (OFET) will be highlighted.
Bio
Satish Patil did his Ph.D. from the Bergische University Wuppertal, Germany in 2004. He then moved to the laboratory of Prof. Fred Wudl at University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) as a California Nanosystem Institute Post-doctoral fellow (CNSI). In 2006, Dr. Satish Patil was appointed as an Assistant Professor in the solid state and structural chemistry unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore. He is a recipient of Indian National Science Academy (INSA) medal for Young Scientist (2009) and Microsoft India Outstanding Young Faculty Award. His research focuses on the synthesis of conjugated polymers and explores their applicability in light-emitting diodes (LEDs), organic photovoltaic devices and field-effect transistors (FETs).
Nanostructure Engineering of Optical Thin Films and Devices Fabricated By Oblique Angle Deposition
Chang Kwon Hwangbo
Inha University, Korea
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Oblique angle deposition (OAD) is a simple and sophisticated technique to fabricate nanostructured optical thin films for next generation optical nanodevices. It can control the columnar and helical nanostructures of thin films. The films show the optical anisotropy, the porosity, or the chirality, depending on the controlled morphologies at nano-scale. In this study, the nanostructural effects on the optical and the structural properties of the thin films deposited by using OAD techniques are investigated. The nanostructured optical thin film devices, such as linear and circular polarization handedness inverters, broadband Bragg reflector, R-G-B color filter, bilayer circular filter, selective coatings, and wide band antireflection coatings, have been fabricated by using OAD technique in electron beam evaporation and their optical and structural properties are described.
Bio
Chang Kwon Hwangbo is Professor of Department of Physics at Inha University, Korea since 1989. He is Director of the Optical Technology Education Center at Inha University since 2002 and is serving as President of the Optical Society of Korea in 2013. He received BS in Physics from Seoul National University, Korea in 1978, MS in Physics from KAIST, Korea in 1980, and PhD from Optical Sciences Center, University of Arizona, USA in 1988. He has been working in optics and optical coatings and published about 80 research papers in optical thin film field. His recent research interests are nanostructure engineering of optical thin films using oblique angle deposition, optical property of EUV materials for reflecting masks, design and fabrication of bilayer wire-grid polarizers, ion-beam processing of optical thin films, and design of second lens for LEDs.
Multilayer photonic crystal and its application to spectral measurement
Yasuo Ohtera
Tohoku University, Japan
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Fundamental characteristics of dielectric multilayers having sub-wavelength structural modulation, also called as "Autocloned photonic crystal", will be presented. By tailoring the fashion of structural modulation on the substrate we have created an array of micro-wavelength filters on one substrate. Each filter was found to exhibit edge-pass or band-pass wavelength filtering functions. We also fabricated a Bayer-patterned filters for NIR imaging utilizing Si/SiO2 multilayer. A result of the experiment of chemometric imaging of a liquid mixture will be presented.
Bio
Yasuo Ohtera received Ph.D. degree in electronic engineering from Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, in 1997. In 1997, he joined the Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, as a research associate. From 2004 he spent four years as an associate professor in Biomedical Engineering Research Organization of Tohoku University (TUBERO). In 2008 he joined Graduate School of Engineering, T.U. His current research interest is the development of micro-photonic devices for sensing and communications. Dr. Ohtera is a member of the Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers (IEICE) of Japan, the Japan Society of Applied Physics (JSAP), and the Optical Society of America (OSA).
Modeling of spectroscopic ellipsometry data of complex samples using finite difference time domain
Juan Antonio Zapien
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
Invited Speaker
Abstract
Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) uses a matrix transfer formalism and Fresnel coefficients to retrieve quantitative information on planar samples such as thickness, surface roughness, and dielectric functions of its components. Complex, non-planar, samples require numerical techniques to solve Maxwell’s equations; for example, rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) together with SE data has long been recognized to provide outstanding capabilities to characterize nanometer-scale features in 1D periodic structures used in optical metrology. While RCWA is well suited to study 1D gratings; it has been reported to incur heavy computational loads for the modeling of more complex geometries (e.g., 2D gratings 3D structures). Finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is a numerical electromagnetic solver that has become very popular due to its simple fundamentals, high stability and accuracy. I will report our recent progress to enable FDTD modeling of SE data to partially overcome FDTD difficulties in working with large oblique angle of incidence. We demonstrate modeling precision better than ½ monolayer for standard, prototypical thin films, routinely used in SE to assess instrument precision and accuracy.
Bio
Juan Antonio Zapien is Associate Professor at City University of Hong Kong (PRC) where he teaches physical optics and related courses for undergraduate and postgraduate students. He received his BSc (Physics) from the “Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico” (UNAM) and PhD degree from The Pennsylvania State University (USA) in 2000. His research interests are in the use of nanomaterials for energy, lighting, and sensing applications, the optical characterization of self-assembled nanostructures and the nucleation and growth of thin films. He has co-authored three book chapters and over 80 SCI publications that have received more than 2300 citations (h-index 24). He has been involved in the organization of several international meetings and has been the Chairman of the 68th IUVSTA Workshop on “Multifunctional Surface Engineering for Advanced Energy Applications”, City University of Hong Kong, December 9-13, 2012.